On the performance of optical phased array technology for beam steering: effect of pixel limitations

verfasst von
Antonino Calà Lesina, Dominic Goodwill, Eric Bernier, Lora Ramunno, Pierre Berini
Abstract

Optical phased arrays are of strong interest for beam steering in telecom and LIDAR applications. A phased array ideally requires that the field produced by each element in the array (a pixel) is fully controllable in phase and amplitude (ideally constant). This is needed to realize a phase gradient along a direction in the array, and thus beam steering in that direction. In practice, grating lobes appear if the pixel size is not sub-wavelength, which is an issue for many optical technologies. Furthermore, the phase performance of an optical pixel may not span the required $2\pi$ phase range, or may not produce a constant amplitude over its phase range. These limitations result in imperfections in the phase gradient, which in turn introduce undesirable secondary lobes. We discuss the effects of non-ideal pixels on beam formation, in a general and technology-agnostic manner. By examining the strength of secondary lobes with respect to the main lobe, we quantify beam steering quality, and make recommendations on the pixel performance required for beam steering within prescribed specifications. By applying appropriate compensation strategies, we show that it is possible to realize high-quality beam steering even when the pixel performance is non-ideal, with intensity of the secondary lobes be two orders of magnitude smaller than the main lobe.

Organisationseinheit(en)
Institut für Transport- und Automatisierungstechnik
Hannoversches Zentrum für Optische Technologien (HOT)
PhoenixD: Simulation, Fabrikation und Anwendung optischer Systeme
Externe Organisation(en)
University of Ottawa
Typ
Artikel
Journal
Optics Express
Band
28
Seiten
31637-31657
Anzahl der Seiten
21
ISSN
1094-4087
Publikationsdatum
12.10.2020
Publikationsstatus
Veröffentlicht
ASJC Scopus Sachgebiete
Atom- und Molekularphysik sowie Optik
Elektronische Version(en)
https://arxiv.org/abs/2007.12265 (Zugang: Offen)
https://doi.org/10.1364/OE.402894 (Zugang: Offen)
https://doi.org/10.15488/10586 (Zugang: Offen)